eBatteryAnalytics
Romanian Energy Market • BESS Revenue Platform
€4.3M
Projected annual (10 MW)
Source: DAMAS aFRR history 2024-2025 · Run FR Simulator for real number
€1.8M
Projected annual (20 MWh)
Source: OPCOM PZU history 2022-2025 · Run PZU page for real number
Last 12 months — Real Market Backtest
10 MW / 20 MWh BESS · OPCOM PZU + DAMAS aFRR · live API
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PZU - Day-Ahead Market
Energy Arbitrage Strategy
The Day-Ahead Market (PZU/DAM) operated by OPCOM enables battery storage to profit from daily price spreads through buy-low/sell-high arbitrage.
How It Works
- Charge during low-price hours (typically night: 00:00-06:00)
- Discharge during peak-price hours (typically evening: 17:00-21:00)
- Profit = (Sell Price × Discharge) - (Buy Price × Charge) × Efficiency
Key Metrics
Typical Daily Spread
50-150 €/MWh
Cycles per Day
1-2 cycles
Market Hours
24h ahead
Settlement
Hourly
aFRR - Balancing Reserve
Automatic Frequency Restoration
aFRR (Automatic Frequency Restoration Reserve) is an ancillary service where batteries provide grid balancing capacity to Transelectrica TSO.
Revenue Streams
- Capacity Payment - Paid for being available (€/MW/h)
- Activation Payment - Paid when energy is delivered (€/MWh)
- aFRR+ (upward) - Discharge to grid when frequency low
- aFRR- (downward) - Charge from grid when frequency high
Market Parameters
Capacity Price
10-20 €/MW/h
Activation Rate
5-15%
Contract Period
4h blocks
Response Time
< 5 min
Revenue Stacking Strategy
Modern BESS projects in Romania combine multiple revenue streams for optimal returns. aFRR typically provides 70-80% of revenue through guaranteed capacity payments, while PZU arbitrage adds 20-30% during off-contract hours.
Investment Analysis